\u300e\u30b9\u30a4\u30df\u30fc\u300f\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u504f\u501a\u69cb\u9020\u2015\u2015\u7570\u8cea\u6027\u30fb\u8a8d\u77e5\u30fb\u7d71\u5236\u306e\u5bd3\u8a71\u7684\u7de8\u6210<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u2015 \u5c0f\u3055\u306a\u9ed2\u3044\u9b5a\u306f\u306a\u305c\u300c\u76ee\u300d\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u306e\u304b \u2015<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u9f4a\u85e4\u6b63\u8d77<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u306f\u3058\u3081\u306b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u3000\u30ec\u30aa\uff1d\u30ec\u30aa\u30cb\u4f5c\u300e\u30b9\u30a4\u30df\u30fc\u300f\uff081963\uff09\u306f\u3001\u5358\u306a\u308b\u5150\u7ae5\u6587\u5b66\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u60c5\u5831\u793e\u4f1a\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8a8d\u77e5\u306e\u504f\u501a\u30fb\u8868\u8c61\u306e\u6a29\u529b\u6027\u30fb\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u306e\u7d71\u5236\u539f\u7406\u3092\u5bd3\u8a71\u7684\u306b\u63cf\u3044\u305f\u7cbe\u7dfb\u306a\u7269\u8a9e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u672c\u7a3f\u306f\u3053\u306e\u4f5c\u54c1\u3092\u3001\u300c\u60c5\u5831\u504f\u501a\u7406\u8ad6\u300d\u306e\u8996\u70b9\u304b\u3089\u8aad\u307f\u76f4\u3057\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u4e09\u70b9\u2015\u2015\uff081\uff09\u7570\u8cea\u6027\u306e\u8868\u8c61\u3001\uff082\uff09\u8a9e\u308a\u306e\u8a8d\u77e5\u7684\u72ec\u5360\u3001\uff083\uff09\u300c\u76ee\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u89b3\u6e2c\u70b9\u306e\u53d6\u5f97\u2015\u2015\u3092\u8ef8\u306b\u3001\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u5206\u6790\u3092\u884c\u3046\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n 1. <\/em>\u8868\u8c61\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u8272\u5f69\u2015\u2015<\/em>\u300c\u9ed2\u3055\u300d\u306f\u504f\u501a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8a18\u53f7\u304b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u3000\u5192\u982d\u3001\u5144\u5f1f\u305f\u3061\u304c\u300c\u307f\u3093\u306a\u8d64\u3044\u306e\u306b\u30011\u3074\u304d\u3060\u3051\u306f\u3001\u304b\u3089\u3059\u8c9d\u3088\u308a\u3082\u307e\u3063\u304f\u308d\u300d\u3068\u8a18\u3055\u308c\u308b\u63cf\u5199\u306f\u3001\u8996\u899a\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u504f\u501a\uff08bias in visibility\uff09\u3092\u5f37\u304f\u610f\u8b58\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3002\u8d64\u3068\u9ed2\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8272\u5f69\u5bfe\u6bd4\u306f\u3001\u5358\u306b\u898b\u305f\u76ee\u306e\u9055\u3044\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u300c\u7570\u8cea\u6027\u306e\u8868\u8c61\u5316\u300d\uff08symbolic marginalization\uff09\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u3000\u8d64\u3044\u9b5a\u305f\u3061\u304c\u300c\u540c\u4e00\u6027\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u584a\u72b6\u306b\u63cf\u304b\u308c\u3001\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u6355\u98df\u3055\u308c\u308b\u4e00\u65b9\u3001\u30b9\u30a4\u30df\u30fc\u306f\u8272\u304c\u7570\u306a\u308b\u304c\u3086\u3048\u306b\u300c\u76ee\u7acb\u305f\u305a\u300d\u751f\u304d\u6b8b\u308b\u3002\u3053\u3053\u306b\u306f\u3001\u300c\u7570\u8cea\u6027\u304c\u7834\u6ec5\u3092\u907f\u3051\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u306b\u306a\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9006\u8aac\u7684\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u96a0\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a\u3001\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u504f\u501a\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u300c\u6d6e\u3044\u3066\u3044\u305f\u300d\u5b58\u5728\u3053\u305d\u304c\u3001\u751f\u5b58\u306e\u9375\u3092\u63e1\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7269\u8a9e\u7684\u9006\u8ee2\u304c\u4ed5\u639b\u3051\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n 2. \u8a8d\u77e5\u306e\u72ec\u5360\u3068\u8a9e\u308a\u306e\u504f\u501a\u2015\u2015\u30b9\u30a4\u30df\u30fc\u306e\u4e16\u754c\u89b3\u306e\u4e00\u5143\u6027<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u3000\u7269\u8a9e\u5168\u4f53\u306f\u30b9\u30a4\u30df\u30fc\u306e\u8996\u70b9\u306b\u53ce\u675f\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u9b5a\u306e\u5fc3\u60c5\u3084\u767a\u8a00\u306f\u6975\u3081\u3066\u9650\u5b9a\u7684\u306b\u3057\u304b\u8a9e\u3089\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3053\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u306f\u3001\u300c\u8ab0\u304c\u4e16\u754c\u3092\u8a9e\u308b\u304b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a8d\u77e5\u306e\u504f\u501a\u69cb\u9020\uff08cognitive bias of narration\uff09\u3092\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3068\u308a\u308f\u3051\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u306e\u306f\u3001\u30b9\u30a4\u30df\u30fc\u304c\u6d77\u306e\u4e16\u754c\u306b\u51fa\u4f1a\u3046\u5834\u9762\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u300c\u304a\u3082\u3057\u308d\u3044\u3082\u306e\u3092 \u898b\u308b\u305f\u3073\u306b\u3001\u30b9\u30a4\u30df\u30fc\u306f\u3001\u3060\u3093\u3060\u3093 \u5143\u6c17\u3092 \u3068\u308a\u3082\u3069\u3057\u305f\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u3000\u3053\u3053\u3067\u63cf\u304b\u308c\u308b\u6d77\u6d0b\u4e16\u754c\u306f\u3001\u30af\u30e9\u30b2\u3001\u3044\u305b\u3048\u3073\u3001\u3046\u306a\u304e\u3001\u308f\u304b\u3081\u306a\u3069\u3001\u3044\u305a\u308c\u3082\u30b9\u30a4\u30df\u30fc\u81ea\u8eab\u306e\u611f\u6027\u30fb\u6bd4\u55a9\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u518d\u7de8\u6210\u3055\u308c\u305f\u300c\u4e3b\u89b3\u7684\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u4e16\u754c\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u3001\u30b9\u30a4\u30df\u30fc\u304c\u898b\u308b\uff0f\u8a9e\u308b\u4e16\u754c\u306f\u3001\u300c\u73fe\u5b9f\u306e\u518d\u69cb\u6210\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u5f7c\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u30d5\u30a3\u30eb\u30bf\u30fc\u3092\u901a\u3057\u3066\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u504f\u501a\u4e16\u754c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n 3. \u300c\u76ee\u300d\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3068\u306f\u4f55\u304b\u2015\u2015\u89b3\u6e2c\u70b9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u652f\u914d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u3000\u7269\u8a9e\u7d42\u76e4\u3001\u30b9\u30a4\u30df\u30fc\u306f\u4ef2\u9593\u306b\u300c\u6d77\u3067\u4e00\u756a\u5927\u304d\u306a\u9b5a\u306e\u3075\u308a\u3092\u3057\u3088\u3046\u300d\u3068\u63d0\u6848\u3057\u3001\u81ea\u3089\u306f\u305d\u306e\u300c\u76ee\u300d\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3068\u5ba3\u8a00\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u300c\u307c\u304f\u304c\u3001\u76ee\u306b\u306a\u308d\u3046\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u3000\u3053\u306e\u300c\u76ee\u300d\u3078\u306e\u5fd7\u9858\u306f\u3001\u5358\u306a\u308b\u5f79\u5272\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u300c\u96c6\u56e3\u306e\u8a8d\u77e5\u88c5\u7f6e\u3092\u81ea\u3089\u304c\u62c5\u3046\u300d\u3053\u3068\u3001\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061**\u89b3\u6e2c\u70b9\u306e\u652f\u914d\uff08bias in observer position\uff09**\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b\u3002\u30b9\u30a4\u30df\u30fc\u306f\u3053\u3053\u3067\u3001\u898b\u308b\u8005\uff1d\u65b9\u5411\u3092\u5b9a\u3081\u308b\u8005\uff1d\u77e5\u306e\u6e90\u6cc9\u3068\u306a\u308b\u8005\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u300c\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u914d\u5217\u3092\u5236\u5fa1\u3059\u308b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u300d\u3092\u7372\u5f97\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u3001\u60c5\u5831\u504f\u501a\u7406\u8ad6\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u4e2d\u6838\u547d\u984c\u2015\u2015\u300c\u610f\u5473\u306f\u89b3\u6e2c\u70b9\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u300d\u2015\u2015\u306e\u5bd3\u8a71\u7684\u5b9f\u88c5\u3068\u89e3\u305b\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u3000\u307e\u305f\u3001\u9b5a\u305f\u3061\u304c\u4e00\u81f4\u56e3\u7d50\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306b\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u306e\u306f\u300c\u3051\u3063\u3057\u3066\u3001\u306f\u306a\u308c\u3070\u306a\u308c\u306b\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306f\u60c5\u5831\u5236\u5fa1\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u7d71\u5408\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3092\u8c61\u5fb4\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a\u3001\u30d0\u30e9\u30d0\u30e9\u306a\u60c5\u5831\u7fa4\u304c\u3001\u3042\u308b\u89b3\u6e2c\u70b9\u306e\u4e0b\u3067\u7d71\u4e00\u3055\u308c\u305f\u69cb\u9020\u306b\u518d\u7de8\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3001\u504f\u501a\u30c6\u30f3\u30bd\u30eb\u7684\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306b\u8fd1\u3044\u7d71\u7387\u7cfb\u304c\u3053\u3053\u306b\u63cf\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n 4. \u7121\u8a00\u306e\u4ed6\u8005\u305f\u3061\u2015\u2015\u8a9e\u3089\u308c\u306a\u3044\u504f\u501a\u306e\u4f59\u767d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u306a\u304a\u3001\u7279\u7b46\u3059\u3079\u304d\u306f\u300c\u8d64\u3044\u9b5a\u305f\u3061\u300d\u306f\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u8a9e\u3089\u305a\u3001\u601d\u8003\u305b\u305a\u3001\u30b9\u30a4\u30df\u30fc\u306e\u8a9e\u308a\u306b\u4f9d\u5b58\u3059\u308b\u5b58\u5728\u3068\u3057\u3066\u63cf\u304b\u308c\u308b\u70b9\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u3001\u8a9e\u3089\u308c\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u60c5\u5831\uff1d\u60c5\u5831\u69cb\u9020\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u9ed9\u6bba\u3068\u504f\u501a\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5f7c\u3089\u304c\u30b9\u30a4\u30df\u30fc\u306e\u63d0\u6848\u306b\u5f93\u3046\u4ee5\u5916\u306b\u300c\u8a9e\u308a\u306e\u4e3b\u4f53\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7acb\u3061\u4e0a\u304c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5185\u9762\u3084\u8ad6\u7406\u306f\u6700\u5f8c\u307e\u3067\u660e\u304b\u3055\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3086\u3048\u306b\u672c\u4f5c\u306f\u3001\u300c\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u70b9\u3092\u6301\u3063\u305f\u8a9e\u308a\u624b\u304c\u3001\u3044\u304b\u306b\u3057\u3066\u4ed6\u8005\u306e\u73fe\u5b9f\u69cb\u6210\u6a29\u3092\u7372\u5f97\u3057\u3001\u518d\u8a2d\u8a08\u3059\u308b\u304b\u300d\u3092\u6697\u9ed9\u7684\u306b\u63cf\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \u304a\u308f\u308a\u306b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u3000\u300e\u30b9\u30a4\u30df\u30fc\u300f\u306f\u3001\u7570\u8cea\u306a\u5b58\u5728\u304c\u793e\u4f1a\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u5909\u9769\u3059\u308b\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u8a8d\u77e5\u30fb\u63d0\u793a\u30fb\u7d71\u5236\u306e\u4e09\u5c64\u7684\u504f\u501a\u3092\u6a2a\u65ad\u7684\u306b\u6271\u3063\u305f\u5bd3\u8a71\u3068\u3057\u3066\u518d\u8a55\u4fa1\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u30b9\u30a4\u30df\u30fc\u306f\u3001\u9ed2\u3044\u9b5a\u3068\u3057\u3066\u793e\u4f1a\u304b\u3089\u758e\u5916\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5b58\u5728\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u304c\u3001\u305d\u306e\u300c\u7570\u8272\u3055\u300d\u3086\u3048\u306b\u89b3\u6e2c\u70b9\u3092\u7372\u5f97\u3057\u3001\u8a9e\u308a\u3092\u72ec\u5360\u3057\u3001\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u518d\u914d\u5217\u3092\u9054\u6210\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n 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